This paper offers a metaethical analysis of so-called political moralism’s metaethical assumptions and proposes shifting away from them. It does so by taking migration ethics’ methodology as a case study of the field. First, the paper shows political moralism’s commitment to moral monism and moral overridingness. Second, it explains how such commitments are likely to lead to the formulation of toy theories - and, hence, moral regress. Third, it proposes the recognition of prudential normativity and normative pluralism as a way (...) to avoid the toy theory problem. And, fourth, it deals with two objections to this proposal. (shrink)

Poco más de dos décadas después de la publicación de Political Liberalism del filósofo estadounidense John Rawls, Thom Brooks y Martha Nussbaum se dieron la tarea de editar una compilación de seis ensayos que muestran la actualidad de este libro. Los escritos que participan en esta recopilación se aproximan al texto rawlsiano de manera variopinta, tanto a nivel disciplinar como en lo referido a la finalidad con la cual lo abordan. A grandes rasgos, estos se dividen en tres grupos: el (...) primer grupo, cuya pretensión es realizar una revisión crítica de la obra o de conceptos medulares de esta ; el segundo conjunto, donde se realiza una labor exegética capaz de responder a múltiples críticas que ha enfrentado el texto desde su publicación y, finalmente, un artículo ―el tercer grupo― que muestra la consistencia práctica en el modo en que Rawls concibió el derecho constitucional estadounidense. (shrink)

Journal of Applied Philosophy, EarlyView.

This paper argues against the claim that liberal democratic societies’ commitment to political equality requires them to offer a path to citizenship to temporary migrant workers (i.e. the democratic justice argument). I advance two arguments against this claim: (i) that access to citizenship is neither sufficient nor necessary to reduce temporary migrant workers’ exploitation and (ii) the democratic justice argument hinges on an untenable conception of status inequality. The paper fleshes out these two reasons in detail to then present an (...) adequate analysis of the status difference that temporary labor migration programs (TLMPs) give rise to. I conclude that TLMPs’ restriction of their participants’ rights and access to citizenship can be compatible with democratic principles and, particularly, with political equality. (shrink)

El presente trabajo desea abordar el problema de los límites de la interpretación de la imagen. La pregunta que está de fondo es si es posible o no orientarnos ante ella y, de ser así, de qué manera podemos hacerlo. Por un lado, el análisis de esta pregunta tiene como tema central la concepción de la historia del arte como un saber concreto sobre las imágenes, y, por otro lado, la idea de que la historia del arte debe ser repensada, (...) pues las imágenes artísticas no pueden ser abarcadas en su totalidad mediante un presunto saber, pues en ellas habitan también la irracionalidad, e incluso, lagunas temporales que permiten concluir que es pretensioso generar un tono histórico que afirme una epistemología exacta del arte. Así pues, este problema estético será abordado a través de la iconología de Panofsky, la ontología de Heidegger, y la arqueología discursiva de la imagen de Didi-Huberman. (shrink)

Education is a key factor for human development and social progress. However, in the context of capitalism, education is also influenced by economic inequalities and power structures. Scientific information selected through a critical review has identified the main theories and findings regarding education conceived within the capitalist model and inherent social mobility. The results demonstrate that in more egalitarian states, wage increases associated with education vary only slightly based on socioeconomic status. However, significant class disparities exist in states with moderate (...) to high levels of inequality. While some argue that education can be a tool for upward mobility, others emphasize how capitalism and pre-existing inequalities can limit such mobility. Understanding this relationship is crucial for addressing issues of equity and social justice in capitalist societies. (shrink)

El trabajo propone sentar las bases de un giro de las interpretaciones habituales de la silogística aristotélica. En nuestra lectura no se parte de la idea normativa de un hipotético pensamiento puro al que la lógica aristotélica pretendiese acceder por primera vez. La investigación aristotélica de los analíticos partiría, más bien, del uso implícito de un término (ὑπάρχειν + dat.) en el lenguaje corriente (el proceder habitual de sus investigaciones) para explorar los distintos significados que tales usos presuponen. El silogismo (...) sería la herramienta para efectuar esta labor siendo así que las ambigüedades que pone de manifiesto no serán errores a solventar por el intérprete, sino la expresión irreductible del interpretado mismo. (shrink)

Naturalistic accounts of culture share the assumption that culture is nothing more than information in people minds/brains and the environment. They do not provide, however, neither a definition nor a theory of information. I address this lacuna adopting a theory of information called “Situation Theory” (Barwise and Perry, 1983). I argue that the notions of constraint and attunement allow to account for cultural information, and, furthermore, that culture is, at a fundamental level, constituted by a set of constraints. Constraints are (...) necessary for information to flow, and attunement to constraints is necessary for an organism to exploit such cultural information. Keywords: Situations, situation theory, naturalistic theories of culture, cultural groups, constraints, conventions. (shrink)

Life in the text and the text in life: here we would place an “ethos of reading”. To sustain this, the categories of “subject” and “object” are rethought; the process of ethic liberation of sensibility and pleasure encouraged by Kant are described; the independence of taste with respect to knowle..

Qui était Jules Puech (1878-1957) et comment est-il devenu le biographe de Flora Tristan? À travers l’histoire de celui qui a joué le rôle de « passeur » (p. 114) des idées de la féministe, Máire Cross, spécialiste reconnue de Flora Tristan, nous emmène sur les pas de cette dernière, depuis sa mort en 1844 jusqu’à la publication de son journal en 1973. Suivant une démarche pour le moins originale, l’ouvrage entrelace deux biographies, l’une intellectuelle, celle d’un historien pionnier mais...

Tomando como pretexto el concepto de libertad como no-dominación acuñado por Philip Pettit en su celebre Republicanismo, este breve artículo discurre mostrando el proyecto walzeriano de una sociedad libre de dominación, en la cual hombres y mujeres no se sientan subyugados bajo ningún poder y en ..

Mark Rowlands develops a novel account of remembering in which episodic memories survive in a mutated form after their content has been long forgotten. He dubs this account “Rilkean memories.” I draw from this account to argue that episodic memories of past epistemic harms resulting from Miranda Fricker’s account of testimonial injustice, can persist as embodied behavioral or bodily dispositions that have negative epistemic and practical consequences long after these episodic memories have been forgotten. The way that others judge us (...) as epistemic agents—as people with the capacity to know or the ability to contribute to the pool of knowledge—and following this judgment, treat or fail to treat us as epistemic agents can cause us to adopt attitudes or behaviors with consequences to our epistemic agency. When embodied as Rilkean memories, these attitudes or behaviors raise new difficulties and become quite difficult to eradicate. (shrink)

O presente ensaio coloca em evidência o “estatuto da literatura” e as questões relativas ao seu ensino na universidade. Para tanto, traça uma problematização sobre as condições materiais e ideológicas em que se dá o ensino de literatura em um curso de Licenciatura em Letras – Português e Inglês, fazendo uma revisão de dois textos seminais de Antonio Candido, “A literatura e a formação do homem” (1977) e “O direito à literatura” (1988) e as leituras que se construíram em torno (...) deles, principalmente o recente estudo publicado por Paulo Caetano e Luiz Penido. Tal discussão dá-se mediante problematizações acerca do estatuto da universidade no século XXI, da precarização do trabalho e a sublimação do complexo internético e das TIC’s no contexto do “rumo a um mundo pós-capitalista”, de acordo com Jonathan Crary, e uma crítica à cultura informacional, partindo da discussão com Glaucia Dunley. (shrink)

O ensaio propõe a leitura de duas estórias de Guimarães Rosa, “A terceira margemdo rio”, de Primeiras estórias, e “Desenredo”, de Tutameia, as quais, em algum momento, serãocotejadas com Bartleby, o escrivão, de Melville. Partindo dos títulos rosianos, deduzir-se-ãoduas potências, uma neutralizadora que abdica de tudo, a outra, também neutralizadora, quequer tudo, propondo, por fim, uma ideia de leitura que se encerra nas estórias.

XXV años del Código de Derecho Canónico del 83 y por lo tanto del Derecho Procesal que él instaura. Actividad legislativa de carácter universal en el ámbito del proceso canónico durante estos 25 años. La “Dignitas Connubii”. Producción de la Doctrina.

En El sentido de la filosofía, Antonio Zirión se propone analizar, entre otras cosas, el papel y la función que cumple la fenomenología en la obra y el pensamiento de José Gaos. En mi comentario abordo, en primer lugar, el contraste entre los conceptos de fenomenología y método fenomenológico de Husserl y Gaos. En segundo lugar, recupero la discusión acerca de los límites entre fenomenología y metafísica al interior del pensamiento de Gaos, lo que desemboca en un concepto más amplio (...) de fenomenología, vinculado a la idea de una filosofía científica. En tercer lugar, propongo otro acercamiento posible a los motivos fenomenológicos en Gaos. (shrink)

L’ouvrage collectif dirigé par Anne-Marie Sohn, tiré du colloque tenu à Lyon en 2009, fait directement référence à celui de Rouen qui, en 1997, interrogeait la possibilité d’une histoire sans les femmes. Au-delà d’un titre qui finalement ne laisse pas de doute quant à la réponse – négative –, cette filiation assumée place l’ouvrage sous le signe d’un renouvellement épistémologique en cours, celui d’une histoire du genre qui ne peut se passer d’une histoire des femmes et des hommes, du féminin...

Cet ouvrage, issu de la thèse de doctorat de Xenia von Tippelskirch, s’ouvre sur des questions apparemment simples : que lisaient les femmes dans l’Italie des xvie et xviie siècles? Qui étaient ces lectrices et comment lisaient-elles? À partir de ces questionnements initiaux, c’est en réalité une tout autre histoire que nous propose l’auteure, celle d’une mise sous tutelle progressive de la lecture féminine dans le contexte de la réforme tridentine. Spécialiste de l’histoire culturelle, l’...

Political solutions to problems like global warming and social justice are often stymied by an inability to productively communicate in everyday conversations. Motivated by these communication problems, the paper considers the role of the virtuous listener in conversations. Rather than the scripted exchanges of information between individuals, we focus on lively, intra-active conversations that are mediating events. In such conversations, the listener plays a participatory role by contributing to the content and form of the conversation. Unlike Miranda Fricker’s negative virtue (...) of testimonial justice, which neutralizes the listener’s identity-prejudices in their credibility judgments of the speaker’s testimony, we consider the positive virtues of a good listener. These positive virtues enable listeners to productively contribute to the conversation by helping create the fertile epistemic space of a non-adversarial, caring relationship that facilitates critical and creative thinking. (shrink)

A semiotic theory of systems derived from language would have the purpose of classifying all the systems of linguistic expression: philosophy, ideology, myth, poetry, art, as much as the dream, lapsus, and free association in a pluridimensional matrix that will interact with many diversified fields. In each one of these discourses it is necessary to consider a plurality of questions, the essence of which will only be comprehensible by the totality; it will be necessary to ask, in the first place, (...) what will be the purpose of this language, what function does it fulfill and for which reason has it been constructed. The concept of World vision (WV) is introduced and its relation with Generalized Collective Conscience (GCC) and Particularized Collective Conscience. Culture implies a particular WV. Culture creates GCC. The semantic field is a structure that formalizes the units of a certain culture constituting a portion of the vision of the Reality that owns this culture. An ecological case is explained. (shrink)

A la luz de un análisis de las costumbres practicadas por la sociedad griega heroica, en la presente contribución se intenta esclarecer por qué la visión cristiana del mundo puede ser considerada paso fundamental hacia eso que Vico llama "Edad de los Hombres".This paper tries to explain -in the light of an analysis of customs practiced in the heroic Greek society- why the Christian conception of the world can be considered as a fundamental step towards what Vico calls the "Age (...) of Men". (shrink)

Artaud affirmed that the cinema participates in the thought and posessess a peculiar and moving power that distinguishes and constitutes the force of the thought like an ideatorian act. This means the thought like the action by which it is possible to represent and be made clear essential forms ..

As María Zambranosays, it has been a few time since man examines his present and proyects hisfuture without counting with the gods or any divine manifestation. It hasbeen denominated secularization to the phenomenon that has caused thisnew vision of the world. However, the recent presence of secular..

Mario Bunge, author of the monumental Treatise on Basic Philosophy, is widely renowned as a philosopher of science. In this new and ambitious work he shifts his attention to the social sciences and the social technologies. He considers a number of disciplines, including anthropology, sociology, economics, political science, law, history, and management science. Bunge contends that social science research has fallen prey to a postmodern fascination with irrationalism and relativism. He urges social scientists to re-examine the philosophy and the (...) methodology at the base of their discipline. Bunge calls for objective and relevant fact-finding, rigorous theorizing, and empirical testing, as well as morally sensitive and socially responsible policy design. (shrink)